There is not a gradation in colors, but rather a distict transition from the inner color to the outer color of the iris. With central heterochromia, the areas of color are more distict. This diffusion makes it appear like the eyes change colors with different light sources and changes in surrounding colors. The amount of diffusion varies from person to person. Someone with hazel eyes, the brown diffuses into the region with the green. “My understanding of the difference between hazel eyes and central heterochromia, is whether the two colors diffuse into one another. Hazel eyes can appear to be two different colors, but they blend together at some point, where central heterochromia has two very distinct rings of color within the iris. Heterochromia does not reduce lifespan as a primary condition, though the underlying condition responsible for changes in eye color may affect lifespan, such as neurofibromatosis.What Are Their Differences? In short, the difference between hazel eyes and those with central heterochromia lies in how the melanin is dispersed. Genetic heterochromia and most cases of acquired heterochromia are not associated with reduced lifespan. With treatment, the condition that caused heterochromia may be resolved, but the change in pigmentation of the iris (heterochromia) will likely remain. Each patient will be diagnosed and treated on an individual basis. There is no treatment for heterochromia, though there are treatments associated with some underlying causes of acquired heterochromia. If no underlying cause is determined, the condition requires no treatment. Genetic, blood and diagnostic testing may be used to rule out underlying causes that could result in further health issues. The pop star David Bowie is said to have had heterochromia, as is Mila Kunis, Kate Bosworth, and Elizabeth Berkley.Ī thorough eye examine is used to diagnose heterochromia. Heterochromia is usually found normally in the population, but may be inherited as autosomal dominant, and more rarely in syndromes such as Waardenburg syndrome with underlying hearing loss and a white forelock being characteristic. Heterochromia that develops after injury of illness is not necessarily associated with complications, but the underlying cause could be associated with complications. Heterochromia that is passed from parent to child via genetic abnormality is not associated with complications, in most cases. Glaucoma, inflammation, neurofibromatosis and Waardenburg syndrome are all known causes of acquired heterochromia. Children who do not inherit the condition have no chance of passing along heterochromia.Īcquired heterochromia is most often caused by injury or illness. Children who inherit the condition have a 50% chance of passing heterochromia on to their offspring. Each child of a parent with the dominant trait for heterochromia has a 50% chance of developing the condition. This means the genetic abnormality must be dominant in just one parent to pass the condition on to a child. Genetic heterochromia is an autosomal dominant condition. Central heterochromia is present when there is an inner ring of color surrounding the pupil that is different from an outer ring of color – such as a gold or brown ring around the pupil in an otherwise blue eye. Sectoral heterochromia is present when one defined section of the iris is a different color – such as a brown section in an otherwise blue iris. Complete heterochromia is rare in humans but it can be found in certain animal species like dogs and cats. Complete heterochromia is present when both eyes are a completely different color – most drastically one blue and one brown eye. There are three forms of the condition heterochromia: complete, sectoral and central. Heterochromia is a genetic or acquired eye condition that affects the iris which is the colored area surrounding the black spot pupil, and surrounded by the white sclera.
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